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When selecting products, we often come across the word "HDR." So what exactly does HDR mean?
HDR stands for High Dynamic Range, a technology that enhances the contrast, brightness, and color accuracy of images or videos to produce more realistic and vibrant visuals. It enables screens to display a broader range of luminance, from the darkest blacks to the brightest whites, and supports wider color gamut for richer, more lifelike colors.
In the realm of color display technology, SDR (Standard Dynamic Range) and HDR (High Dynamic Range) represent two distinct image display approaches, each with notable differences.
Brightness:
SDR has a lower brightness range, typically capped at 100-300 nits. In contrast, HDR supports significantly higher brightness levels, often reaching 1,000 nits or more, enabling it to display greater detail in bright areas.
Contrast:
HDR offers a much wider contrast range, allowing for the simultaneous display of very bright and very dark details within the same scene. This enhances the sense of depth in the image. SDR, on the other hand, has a narrower contrast range, which can lead to lost detail in both highlights and shadows, resulting in a flatter image overall.
Color Gamut:
HDR supports a broader color gamut, enabling the display of a wider range of colors. In comparison, SDR's color gamut is more limited, leading to less vivid colors, particularly in brighter areas, where color reproduction may be constrained.
Color Depth:
HDR supports higher color depth, such as 10-bit, which allows for more nuanced color gradients and smoother transitions. SDR typically uses 8-bit color depth, which can result in visible banding in areas with subtle color transitions.
These distinctions make HDR a superior choice for delivering richer, more immersive visuals across brightness, contrast, color, and depth.
Comparison of GOB and COB
The current HDR technology standards include HDR 10, HDR 10+, Dolby Vision and HLG. Users can choose the most suitable standard depending on the specific application scenarios.
HDR 10 uses static metadata and adheres to standards requiring the wide color gamut Rec. 2020 color space, 10-bit color depth, a minimum brightness of 0.05 nits, and a maximum brightness of 1,000 nits. It employs the SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ) transfer function for image processing.
HDR 10+, compared to HDR 10, incorporates dynamic metadata, enabling more precise adjustments of brightness levels on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis.
HLG is a technology standard used in 4K broadcast systems. It does not require metadata, making it compatible with both SDR and HDR displays. HLG content can be played correctly even on SDR screens. Compared to HDR 10, it is more adaptable to lower-tier display devices.
Dolby Vision is a premium HDR format that employs dynamic metadata for even finer adjustments than HDR 10+. It supports significantly higher brightness levels, up to 10,000 nits, with a minimum brightness of 0.007 nits. Additionally, it allows for a maximum color depth of 12-bit, providing an exceptional level of detail and color precision.
HDR technology requires display devices to offer sufficient brightness, color gamut, and contrast. LED displays are self-emissive technology that uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as display elements, typically made up of many small LED lights. Each LED can emit light independently, allowing for individual control of brightness and contrast. Additionally, localized dimming can be applied to adjust brightness in different regions, enabling LED displays to show both very bright and deep black areas on the same screen, achieving higher contrast and enhancing the HDR effect.
In LED displays, LED screens can turn individual pixels on and off, allowing them to display true black. This means LED screens can offer infinite contrast, resulting in a more striking HDR experience. In terms of color gamut, LED displays typically feature a wider color range, making HDR images more vibrant and rich in color.
Thus, HDR technology and LED screens can achieve a perfect synergy, offering a broader scope for the development of the LED display industry. In the future, LED displays will continue to improve image detail through higher resolution, wider color gamut, and advanced display technologies. By integrating HDR technology, LED displays can be used in a variety of real-world scenarios. For example, in outdoor advertising, HDR technology ensures that high-brightness content stands out under strong ambient light, with vivid and clear colors, making advertisements more lively and realistic. In large-scale events, such as sports broadcasts, LED screens with HDR technology maintain image clarity under various lighting conditions, enhancing the viewing experience. In the medical field, HDR technology improves contrast and precision in medical images like X-rays and CT scans, helping doctors make clearer diagnoses. In security monitoring, LED screens with HDR technology enhance image visibility under various environmental conditions, such as nighttime surveillance, where HDR provides higher contrast in dark environments to ensure clear image details.
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